- What is turning in machining? - How does turning differ from milling? - What tools are used in turning? - What materials can be machined by turning?

Table of Contents

1. Introduction to turning in machining
2. Differences Between Turning and Milling
3. Tools Used in Turning
4. Materials Suitable for Turning
5. Solutions Offered by Dongguan Longying Company
6. References

Introduction to Turning in Machining

Turning is a fundamental machining process where a cutting tool, typically a non-rotary tool bit, moves linearly while the workpiece rotates. This process is mainly used to generate cylindrical parts and can produce complex shapes with high precision. Typical operations in turning can involve facing, threading, and boring, each necessitating specific expertise and machinery settings.

Differences Between Turning and Milling

Turning and milling are both subtractive manufacturing processes, but they are distinct in terms of methodology and applications.

• Workpiece Movement in Turning: The workpiece rotates while the cutting tool remains static linearly.
• Workpiece Movement in Milling: The cutting tool rotates while the workpiece is usually static.
• Typical Components: Turning is used for rotational parts such as shafts and discs, while milling is used for components with complex geometries like gears and contours.
• Tolerances and Surface Finish: Turning generally yields superior surface finishes and tight tolerances, often less than 0.01mm, while milling capabilities in precision depend on CNC system accuracy and setup.

Tools Used in Turning

Turning processes employ a variety of tools, designed for specific tasks and material types:

• Single-Point Cutting Tool: This is the basic tool used for turning, used for cutting cylindrical surfaces with conic angles from 10° to 15°.
• Boring Bar: Used for enlarging holes inside a workpiece.
• Carbide Inserts: These are replaceable tips that provide longer tool life and can withstand high speed and feed rates.
• Drill Bits: Used in center drilling and preparing holes before boring.

Materials Suitable for Turning

The turning process is versatile, enabling the machining of numerous materials, such as:

• Metals: Including carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloys, copper, and brass. Steel grades commonly turned include 1018, 1045, and A36.
• Plastics: PVC, nylon, and other engineered plastics can be effectively turned, offering thermal resilience and chemical resistance.
• Composites: Some composites are also machinable, though require specialized tooling.

The choice of material affects the turning parameters significantly, such as cutting speed and feed rate. For instance, aluminum alloys can be turned with a cutting speed of up to 600 m/min while stainless steels might require lower speeds around 200 m/min.

Solutions Offered by Dongguan Longying Company

Dongguan Longying Company provides comprehensive solutions for turning operations, catering to diverse industry needs.

• Customizable Machinery: Offering state-of-the-art CNC lathes capable of handling production runs ranging from prototypes to high-volume batches.
• Precision Engineering: Services include tight tolerance exceeding industry standards, surface finishes reaching Ra of 0.8 µm.
• Material Expertise: Developments in advanced materials handling, serving industries like aerospace and automotive with dedicated materials expertise.

References

• M. P. Groover, “Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems,” John Wiley & Sons, 2020.
• Machinery's Handbook, “Guide to Machining Operations,” Industrial Press, 2016.